Method of treating metal ingots.



J. A. BRINBLL. METHOD OF TREATING METAL INGOTS.

APPLIOAIIQH 21mm JAN. 10. 1908.

v Patented Nov. 22, 1910.

. To all whom it may concern:

'Be -1it-known 'thatif-I, JormN- Aueus'r 'BRDIEIL, a subject of the King of Sweden, and resident of -Blasieholmsgaten 3, Stock- Kingdom of Sweden, have in-" vented certain new and useful 'ments in the .Method-of Treating --gots to-Preven t Segregation and the Formationof Hollows Therein, of which the folhohn, in the D STATES PATENT OFFICE OHAN aueusr 3311mm;

or STOGKHOLM, iswunnm uu'rnon f? TlBEATl'NGMETAL moors. I

Application med January- 10, 1908; Serial No. 410,120.

Metal Inlowing is a specification; 1

Az-fter a metal ingot has-been cast and during thecooling thereof the metal as it sets is found very frequently to form a hollow, technically termed a pipe, andblow' holes are alsoiformed, either or both,-=all such defects injurmg the ingot as i s-well known to those'jskilled 1n the art. 'In the'manufacture :of steel and iron, means have been heretofore proposed for regulating the-formation of pipes and blow holes, but with the result that a diminution in the bubbles results in an increase in the pipe andvice' versa, such means consisting in giving to the metal to be cast a suitable chemical compositiom-r'egulating the-temperature of casting, etc. In

order to reduce metal ingots free .from

pipes and, low holes, either or both, an ex ternal compression of the irigotmust be effected in order-to diminish its volume to the extent of the volume of the pipe and blow holeajj-Prior to-thesetting of the metal in the interiorjof the ingot, another phenom-- 'enon'frequently appears and which has an injurious action'on the homogeneity of the metal, this being the so-called segregatlon oirising of certain substances in the metal to.

the upper. partof the metal in the ingot remaimng liquid. The substances which gen erally segregate in iron ingots are sulfur, manganese," carbon, phosphorus and other substances.= -By"re'as'on of-the segregation, such substances-are collected in, greater uantity in theupper part-10f the ingot, in

epart Wherethe formation of the-pipe occurs and the welding action of the metal forming the walls of the pipe: is dimin shed. Such imperfectly weldedportions in the'1nterior of the in ct will diminish very mate rially thGSGlldltY and strength of the ob-' jects subsequently made from the ingot, more particularly as itisexti'emely difficult to discover the before mentioned defects during subsequent manufacturing processes."

In order 'toprevent segregation and the 'injuriousjresults" due'gthereto, I turn .the. m-

i got slowly,

Improveshown in elevation; Fig

and; bodily, duringthe setting Specification of Le tters Patent; Patented Nov; 22,1910,

-of.the metal thereof, either continuously or mtermittingly, in order to either revent' altogether the segregation herein efore "referred to or to so distribute the segregating "action wlthm the metal tlfat the metal of the ingot when set '-'will be substantially homo geneous and uniform in composition.

My present its object the production-.,ofa novel method of treating metal ingots't'ogpreve'nt segre atlOIl-find the formation ofhollows in themgot, whereby the injurious effects due to segregation and'the; formation of pipes or hollows is eliminated. The means for effecting the bodily turnmg movement during thesett removal of the ingot from the mold may .be

of anysuitable character,and'hei'ein"I have invention, therefore, has for and compression 10f, the ingot gofthe metal thereof after" shown apparatus; adapted for carrying. out

my invention. a 1 Figure l'is a front-elevation and partial section of-fan apparatus adapted for treating mypresentinven'-- tion; F1 2 is -a side elevation ofaj'portion" ingots in accordance with of. a mo ified form of-apparatus for treat ing th'ingots; Fig. 3 is. a

view on the line 3-3, ward the] right, the

'ofthe'modified'fo'rm o Referring to Fig-11,

vertical sectional" of Fig. v4, looking tm wheel, however-{being v 4 is a top plan view valpparatus. .B, areitwo up? rights which provide suitable bearings ,for'

able in a cylinder formed-i one"of.the"u'p-" K, Kfqfor. the supply a gear L mesh- Aplston' 1s mov t cylinder is provided producing medium, as

rig-

ing withano'theij gear L the. latter 'being' "driven from any suitable soureeof power,

notshown'.

In carrying out my invention bytheaid of the apparatus i'shown-in Fig. 1, after the in othas been'jleast'in 'the usual mold or ch1l1, and has cooled suliiciently to permit its removal, said ingot is removedf'from its mold. orchill and placed upon, asuitable car! ria'g'e Fby which it' is -brought. between the pressure producing members D, D, thedatterbeing separated. to admit the ingot, between them. Fluid is then supplied to the cylinder bymeans of a conduit K to move the piston H by high pressure to theleft viewlng Fig. 1, and the ingot- E is subjected to external pressure betweenthe press plates or'meihbers D, D. The toothed faces of thegears L, L, either or both, are in practice made of such width that u on the rela-. tively slight axialmovement o the gear L, when the piston H is movedin or out,- the teethof the gears'will still remain in meshing engagement. The carriage F which was l elevator G is then lowered out of the way,

previouslyrun onto a hydraulic or other and the shafts G, C and the pressure members D, D with the interposed ingot E'are slowly revolved by or through the gearing, so that. the ingot is turned bodily end for end about a substantially horizontal axis, and in the appartus shown in Fig. 1, theaxis about which theingot is turned passes through such ingot. vDuring the turning movement of the ingot, it is subjected'to external pressure, as w ll be manifest, and the turning and compression are maintained during the setting of the metal in the interior of the ingot. As, the metal sets and shrinks, the pressureto which the ingot is subjected causes the metal to be compacted and thereby prevents either'the' formation of pipe or blow-holes, and'at the same time the slow and bodily turning movement of the ingot prevents the segregation of the substances in'any. one part of the ingot.= In other words, suchparticles or substances as would tend normally to segregate are disposed throughout the body of the ingot so that the metal is substantially uniform and homogeneous in its composition.

The modified formof apparatus shown in Figs. 2-4 comprises a vertlcal open wheel or carrier A* provided on itsinterior with. a

series of non-radial shelves B", adapted to receive the ingot. A carriage C" is mounted to travel on,rails H running adjacent the shelved side of wheel A", to carry the ingot D thereto from the casting pit; Onoppositesides of the wheel are arranged suitable hydraulic or other pushing devices E", E', the former serving to push aningot from the carriage into the wheel and onto a shelf,- while the device. E serves to push the in 0t in the opposite direction. F Figs. 3 an 4, indicates a suitable hydraulic press of any suitable character. The. wheel A is turned to bring one of the shelves B into horizontal; position and the-carriageis movedinto posi-. tion adjacent thereto, whereupon the ingot D is moved from the carriage .to the shelf' by meanspf th" pushing device.'E". Thewheel A*' "is now revolved for a suitable period and the. ot, will be carried around therewith and w' be: turned end. for end intersects the ingot. Qn-the other. hand, in

that the turning of the and more or 1cm moved. about, and the wheel is stoppedwith'the shelf horizon tal on which the ingot rests. Said ingot is then moted by E into the hydraulic press F" where it is subjected to pressure-and then it is returned to the wheel by the device E,"and a ain subjected to. the turning movement, an then again subjected to pressure. When such alternate turning and pressingis com leted. the at is returned to the carriage 5* by tllev defies E and removed. In practicea number'of ingots will be treated simultaneously shelf after anotherbeing loaded an ingot must make at least one complete revolution with the wheel before it is remove'd to the, press F".

each

It will be observed. that by the l illustrated in Fig. 1 the ot can jected to compression simf taneously with. the slow bodily turning movement of the ingot, or it may be subjected to the pressure at intervals alternating with the That is, the press plates D, D may be set up sufficiently to grasp the ingot with'sulficient' force to hold it and thepressure increased at intervals, or-the pressure may be. gradually increased simultaneously with the bodily turning, whichis about an axis which the-apparatus illustrated in 'Figls.2, 3' and 4 the turning of the ingot and t e' I sion thereof must .be alternated, and the ill-* thereto but at right angles to its own longitudinal -axis,-as will be manifest.

Whichever apparatus be employed tocarry out my invention it will be understood ot isat a slow rate of speed, so that there IS nocentrifugal action present, as such centri "1' "action would be objectionable. andwo d nullify in large part one of-the. features omyinvention, to wit, the uniform distributionof the various substances or componentsxofthe metal throughout-the same as 1t sets.-

Whatever the particular character of the apparatus'employed for carrying out my. process of treatment it must be soar-ranged that the ingot, duringi the of; the metal, canbe subjecte externally applied, for prevent: the .formation of a pipe or hollow, and a 0 turnedslowly to 'counteract'oraprevent' segregation. Thegcompression an bodily turmngof the inglotcan be carried on simultaneously or in a ternation, and continuously or inter- 'mittingly, as may be'desired,

It may be noted in regard to the a paratus illustrated-in Fi s. 2, 3 and at at by omitting the hydrau 'c press F the ingot can ho-compressed while inthe wheel A", for it. is then only necessary to move the piston-plunger's of the pressure devices EF, E against opposite sides of an ingot while on compres- I got. is turned bodily about "an axis external a shelf-B such device "*izonauy positioned between aim herein to the particular form ofapparatus for-carrying out my as will beobvious;

novelmethod of treating ingots, as'the. ap-- paratus may be constructed in various forms,

Having fully described what I claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:+ Y

1. The herein-described method of treat ing-'metal ingots to revent segregation and the formation of ho ows therein, which consists in slowly turning the ingot about an axis at right angles to its len h and subjecting it to pressure during I e setting of the metal of which the ingot is composed;

2. The herein-described method of treating metal ingots to prevent segregation and the formation of hollows therein, which consists in slowly turning .theingot bodily end for end and subjecting it to external'pre ssure during the .setting of the metal composing the ingot. I v I s 3. The herein-described method of treatingmetal ingots to revent segregation and ing metal ingots. to

the metal in the interior of the ingot is setduring the setting of the metal.

the'formation'of ho ows, which consists in casting the ingot removing it from the mold and turnin it slowly. bodily and-compressing it 'etwe'en press plates during the setting of the metal composin the ingot.

5. The herein-described met 06; of treatmg the formation of hollows, which consists in removing the cast ingot from the mold, turning the ingot bodily about a horizontal axis I invention,

scribing witnesses.

metal ingots to prevent segregation and Witnesses:

and subjecting it to external pressure during-the setting o f'themetal... 4 I

'6. .The herein-described method of treating metal ingots'to prevent segregation and the formation of hollows ,which consistsin femoving the ca'st ingot taneously turning the in enddurmg the se I o the metal. Q

' LT-he herein-described. method of treat metal ingots to prevent segregation and iofi he formation of. hollows, 'whichconsists in subjecting the ingot to compression'betweenf 4 plates and slowly turning the iingot end for end, such compression and turning press of the ingot being efiected after the ingot has been taken from themold and while the metal is setting." l I I 8. 'The herein-described method of treat ing metal ingots to revent segregation and the formation of ho ows, which consists subjecting the ingot, after removal from.

om the mold subjecting it to external pressure and simul ot bodily end the mold, to the combined action of external f ment continued during the setting of the metal in the interior of the ingot. I

9. The herein-described method ing meta'l ingots to revent segregation and the formation of ho ows, which in of -treatpressure and a slow bodily turning moveremovingthe. ingot from the mold and Sue pending and compressing it between opposed pressure members, and rotati'ngsand' pressure members and the inte osed ingot slowly about a substantially horizontal axisduring the setting ofj-the metal the interior of the ingot.

signed my name in P s f JOHAN AUGUST a umni HJAL uAn ZETTERSTROM,

.In witness whereof; I have hereunto 

